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Depression
Description
Depression is one of the most common mental disorders, characterized by a constant depressed mood; marked by a significant lack of interest in attending to regular activities and routine tasks; often bordering on totally neglecting ones’ personal hygiene; associated with feelings of guilt, low self-esteem and self-confidence, insomnia, inability to concentrate, lack of appetite, physical and menta
l fatigue, all of which interfere with the quality of an individual’s day-to-day life. Untreated depression can lead to suicide and close to a million people suffering from depression end up committing suicides every year. Clinical depression is not specific to any gender, age, color; race, or background, and people all around the world suffer from depression.
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Causes
There can be several causes for clinical depression and some of the main causes of depression are biological factors; genetic or hereditary factors which we often refer to as nature; psychosocial factors which we often refer to as nurture; and/or environmental factors. While in most cases it is one of the above-mentioned factors that causes depression; there are cases where it is a combination of
one or more of these factors that are responsible for causing clinical depression in children, teens, adults, and the elderly.
Having said the above, irrespective of the causative factors responsible for clinical depression, it is ultimately caused by an imbalance in certain chemicals in the brain referred to as neurotransmitters. The three main neurotransmitters that are responsible for depression are dopamine, nor-epinephrine, and serotonin. Hence, the underlying fact is that any form of imbalance created in any one or more of these neurotransmitters results in depression. Scientific research is being carried out to determine the specific reasons that contribute to the fluctuation in the levels of these neurotransmitters; however the various triggers that influence the change in brain chemistry include:
• Heredity: People with a family history of seasonal depression and bipolar disorder are at a higher risk of suffering from these conditions.
• Personal and Professional circumstances: Certain life-altering or traumatic experiences in the professional or personal life often act as triggers that contribute to the imbalance in neurotransmitter levels. Example: Post-partum depression.
• Pharmacological drugs: Prescription medications like drugs for hypertension; insomnia; and birth control pills taken for extended periods of time could lead to depression.
• Medical ailments: Chronic illnesses like Alzheimer’s diseases, partial or total paralysis, Parkinson’s disease and other physical disabilities often lead to depression.
• Substance abuse: This is a vicious cycle; people often believe that people abuse recreational drugs to escape depression; however, studies indicate that addiction to various drugs could cause depression.
• Stress/trauma: Certain stressful situations like divorce; loss of a loved one; unemployment; child abuse; end up creating a lot of stress which is unable to cope with, resulting in depression.
All of the above factors act as triggers and if they go unchecked could lead to depression in children, teens, as well as adults.
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Prevention
Staying positive; engaging in activities that are physically and mentally stimulating; cultivating new hobbies; exercising, practicing yoga and meditation; reading; learning to be open about ones’ feelings, expressing oneself by talking to a confidant or friend, through dance, art, painting etc., Eating health food by including lots of fresh vegetables, fruit, liquids, water, omega-3 fatty acid su
pplements, fish oil; vitamins B3, B6, and B12 in the diet; becoming optimistic in one’s approach to challenges both personal and professional; getting enough sleep; and above all learning to become productive and creative at all times.
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Common Symptoms
Symptoms of depression can be classified into two broad categories:
a) Psychological symptoms
b) Physiological symptoms
Psychological symptoms:
• Characteristic symptoms include feelings of hopelessness, helplessness, and a constant sense of negativity and pessimism characterize ones’ thought process and approach to work, people, and activities.
• Irritability, general sense of dissatisfact
ion; inability to concentrate on regular and routine tasks and frequent bouts of crying, especially in women.
• Total lack of involvement and shying away from social activities which were of interest previously. Tendency to isolate oneself and avoid meeting people.
• Irrational fear and exaggerated reactions to normal and daily incidents and often end up leaving tasks incomplete or unattended to.
• Overwhelming feelings of self hatred that reach a stage where people suffering from depression often contemplate suicide.
Physiological symptoms:
• Loss of appetite characterized by poor eating habits resulting in weight loss; however, in some cases the converse is also true, where people suffering from clinical depression tend to overeat and often end up gaining a lot of weight.
• Marked decrease in the level of concentration; memory loss, and learning disabilities.
• Sleeplessness that lasts for weeks and months causing a lot of stress and fatigue.
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Rare Symptoms
Rare Symptoms
• Delusions and hallucinations are rare symptoms of a form of depression called psychotic depression, where the person suffering from this condition imagines to someone else and sees and hears voices that are really not present.
• Increased motor activities, stupor, strange involuntary motions, and imitating other people are some of the rare symptoms of catatonic depression.
Traditional Treatment
Conventional Treatments for depression include psychotherapy, pharmacotherapy, alternative treatments, and electroconvulsive treatment or ECT. Psychotherapy includes cognitive behavior therapy, group therapy, individual therapy, and family therapy. Pharmacotherapy includes tricyclics also knows as TCAs, monoamine oxidase
inhibitors or MAOIs like tranylcypromine or Parnate, isocarboxazid or
Mar
plan, phenelizine or Nardil, and Seligiline or Eldepryl, selective
serotonin reuptake inhibitors or SSRIs, sertraline or Zoloft, fluoxetine
or Prozac, citalopram or Celexa, and fluvoxamine or Luvox. serotonin
antagonists, reboxetine, mirtazapine, bupropion, and venlafaxine. Besides the above, lithium is also used in treating depression.
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Alternative Treatment
Natural remedies including using herbal medications made using St. John’s wort; gingko biloba; ginseng; passion flower or passiflora incarnate, holy basil, glycyrrhiza glabra, rosemary, thyme, and yohimbine.
Traditional Chinese Medicine or TCM advocates use of acupuncture in treating depression to clear blockages in an attempt to release energy and help free flow of energy through various channel
s in the body.
Homeopathic treatment includes use of medications made using arsenicum album; aurum metallicum; calcarea carbonica; causticum; cimicifuga; ignatia amara; kali phosphoricum; natrum carbonicum; natrum muriaticum; pulsatilla; sepia; and staphysagria.
Other forms of alternative treatment include yoga and meditation; aromatherapy; music therapy; lifestyle changes to include exercise, reading, and taking omega-3 fatty acids, vitamins B3, B6, B12, C and folic acid supplements; magnet therapy called Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation or (TMS), hypnosis, laughter therapy, and light therapy. Chocolate also is found to help provide relief from depression.
View more...
Treatment Comparison
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Brands
Effectiveness
Holistic Benefits
Side
Effects
Number of Ratings
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Effexor XR
6.85
6.61
5.46
27
Prozac
6.24
6.02
4.5
25
Lexapro
5.64
6.13
3.62
28
Cymbalta
4.68
5.14
5.53
28
Pristiq
3.06
4.51
5.93
32
Nortriptyline Hydrochloride
0
0
0
0
View All
About these Scores
Choose a condition to compare treatments based on user feedback. You can sort by Effectiveness, Holistic Benefits or Side Effects RateADrug user scores, or the number of Ratings. Scores gain significance with the number of ratings, so please share your experiences - rate your drug!
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Medications for Depression
(Shown in order of most frequently rated)
145 Drugs
34 Supplements
Nortriptyline Hydrochloride
Cipralex
Selegiline Hydrochloride
Lithane
Lithium Carbonate
Lithium Citrate
Lithobid
Gamma-Hydroxybutyric Acid
Elavil
Amisulpride
Sarafem
Paxil CR
Pexeva
Agomelatine
Amineptine
Amitril
Amoxapine
Anafranil
Asendin
Aventyl Hydrochloride
Cannabidiol
Cannabidivarin
Carfentanil
Cathinone
Clomipramine Hydrochloride
Desipramine Hydrochloride
Dibenzepin
Doxepin Hydrochloride
Endep
Etoperidone
Etrafon
Fluacizine
Imipramine Hydrochloride
Iproniazid
Janimine
Limbitrol
Limbitrol DS
Loraz
Lorazepam Intensol
Loxapine Succinate
1
2
3
4
>
Folic acid
>
Melatonin
>
DHEA
>
Omega 3 Fatty Acids
>
St. John's Wort
>
Source Naturals 5-HTP
>
5-HTP
>
Beet
>
Rhodiola
>
Yerba Mate
>
Tyrosine
>
Ginkgo Biloba
>
Gokshura
>
Valerian
>
Maca
>
Ginkgo
>
Vitamin B2
>
SAMe
>
Nature Made Balanced B-50 Complex
>
Damiana
>
Lemon Balm
>
Jatamansi
>
Boswellia
>
Phenylalanine
>
Graviola
>
Crocus
>
Hamamelis
>
Helleborus
>
Brazilian Peppertree
>
Tayuya
>
Betel Nut
>
Sesame Oil
>
Muriatic Acid
>
Cabbage Rose
Famous People with Depression
Mary Kate Olsen
Owen Wilson
Sheryl Crow
Jim Carrey
Larry King
SmallMary Kate Olsen.jpg
Mary Kate Olsen
Mary Kate Olsen has struggled with depression, ADD and the eating disorder anorexia nervosa.
SmallOwenWilsonMay07.jpg
Owen Wilson
Owen Wilson has struggled with depression for years, and despite taking anti-depressants tried to commit suicide in 2007.
SmallSheryl_Crow.jpg
Sheryl Crow
When Crow suffered a bad stretch of depression in 2003, the musician began an exercise routine and took Prozac to assist in her recovery.
SmallJim_Carrey_horton_hears_a_who_2008-crop.jpg
Jim Carrey
This comedian is self-proclaimed to be a "weird, serious person," and has been battling clinical depression since childhood.
SmallLarry_King.jpg
Larry King
Late night talk show host Larry King had a bout with depression after having heart surgery in 1987.
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